buy custom Personality Disorder essay

buy custom Personality Disorder essay To start with, personality disorder also referred to as character disorder, is a class of personality behavior types. The behavioral patterns of personality disorders are exhibited by severe behavioral disturbance especially involving situations of personality. They are pervasive, inflexible, and inflexible across diverse situations, as a result of the fact that the behavior exhibited is ego-syntotic and, therefore, taken to be relevant by the individual. It is a disorder that the individual finds himself or herself perceiving and connecting to situations and people, even including him or herself. A person suffering from personality disorder shows a character that is inflexible and has an unhealthy thought pattern and behavior. This can ultimately lead to problems with self-esteem, relationships, work, and even school. The history of personality disorders development in an individual can be traced to the early stages of adolescents and early adulthood. There are a number of personality disorders, for example, paranoid personality disorders, antisocial, narcissistic, dependent, avoidant, depressive and obsessive personality disorders amongst many others. The concept of addiction was introduced to deal with the recurrence of behaviors, emotions, moods, and cognitions. Both personality disorder and addiction are exegetic, organizing, and predictive. When the addicts show their behavior, or engage in some addictive activities, they are looking for changing their perception concerning their environment. Most of the time people with addictive disorders do well in self-deception. They do not believe that whatever they are doing is wrong, they just take it as normal. According to the Addiction-prone personality, a book by Gordon E. Barnes, says that there is a strong correlation between personality disorders and addiction, the best example for this is drug abuse. Studies done so far have indicated that people with personality problems are more prone to drug addiction. It was also found out that people who withdrew from alcohol and drug abuse, showed high chances of getting personality disorders. In this matter, the symptoms are widely substance related and will diminish with prolonged abstinence. In other individuals, the personality disorders may persist for a long period after substance abstinence. People with prolonged addiction suffer various personality disorder traits like anxiety, depression, impatient, and keeps asking for narcotics medication. Not every addict, however, has a personality disorder, and not every individual with a personality disorder has an addiction. However, much of the personality disorders have strong connection with addiction. People wh have personality disorders usually have no regard for the social norms and peoples feelings. They always do what is contrary to the law, act deceitfully, showing reckless behavior, failing to be apologetic for wrong doings and in extreme cases, suicidal. Just like addiction, an individual with borderline personality behavior have a lot of trouble maintaining or sustaining healthy relationships. Their traits include poor self-image, paranoia, impulsivity, mood swings, uncontrollable anger, and fear of abandonment. The individuals with this personality behavior usually have difficulty understanding their own identity. Fears of being abandoned may cause them to depend excessively on others. These disorders usually happen immediately one stars experiencing drug addiction and some can be portrayed when one abruptly stops using drugs. Personality disorders have strong correlation with addiction in teenagers. Clinicians have found out that there is a higher chance of addiction if the teen shows personality traits like- low self-esteem, aggressiveness, popular socially and refusing to follow authority. When these young teens get addicted, the substance starts to become more useful than anything else does. They lie about their whereabouts so that they can continue using the drug without chances of being discovered. The personality traits of easily getting offended and mood swings start getting toll on these addicts. Several investigations have been done in finding the impact of personality disorders in measuring the subsequent addiction. Research done by Pulkkinen and Patkinen(1994) shows that among 196 male children studied, addiction was followed by personality disorders like borderline and narcissistic disorders where children started suffering from high anxiety, higher aggression levels, prosociality and mood swings. Of the personality disorders, the anti-social personality disorder can be easily diagnosed and was found to be affecting almost 25% of the opioid addicts who were seeking treatment. It is, however, inaccurate to conclude that the drug-seeking trait, which was learnt during the early years of addiction, is solely responsible for the greater percentage of antisocial personality disorders among the addicts. This disorder can be easily diagnosed in a number of individuals at their young age. Anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, and dementia are prevalent among the substance addicts. Members of this class are young and economically stable. They, however, respond much quickly to treatment, and the personality disorder gradually diminishes as they continue to full recovery. The co-morbidity betweeen the drug addicts and personality disorders like mental illness is a major problem and has deep implications. The clinical research shows that there is a high chance of the addict to have gross personality disorders and high level of psychopathology caused by drug abuse. It is often related with affective disorders and higher risks of suicidal behavior. A study of dual diagnosis of heroin addicts revealed that 533 heroin addicts who were treated, 86 % of them were affected by personality or psychiatric disorders. More importantly, the previous study indicated that the highest personality disorder faced by the addicts was depression (23.8%). Khantzian and Treeze (58) explained in a small sample of 133 opioid addicts, which showed that the most widespread psychiatric disorder were personality disorder (65%) and mood (60%). Recent studies in personality disorders support the merits of personality in predicting the alcohol and substance abuse risk. In a particular investigation, Kwapil (1996) studied the importance or goodness of psychosis-prone character traits and non- conformity in establishing substance abuse .Research conducted on high risk individuals has also shown that there is a high correlation between personality disorders and addiction. It was shown that an individual who had personality disorders would resort to drug abuse in order to gain relief of the problems they were undergoing. It was shown that when the addicts take part in addictive behaviors, they want to change their view to the environment. They want to make the world have a happier face, or literally put, to mask the hardship they are encountering in life. Addicts belief that drugs makes their world look brighter, fun-filled, varicolored, and hopeful (Linehan, 1993). What make personality disorders and addiction disorders to have a strong correlation, are the symptoms they portray. Just like personality disorders, a person suffering from addictive disorders has mood swings, anti social behaviors, suicidal, depressed, and full of anxiety. The reason as to why they portray such behavior is because they have a fear of being caught with the disorder. The intense feeling of isolation starts to take toll on the addicts, just like personality disorder (Frances, et al, 2011). Conclusion Overall, the eve of these addictive and personality behaviors are traced to the growth patterns of an individual and the environment in which they were brought up. It is imperative to understand that the individuals who were subjected to much physical and emotional abuse during their early periods of growth and development have high chances of developing personality disorders and eventually succumbing to drug-abuse. Buy custom Personality Disorder essay

The Issue of Constructive Discharge

The Issue of Constructive Discharge The memorandum is written to present the requested information on the issue of constructive discharge. The purpose of this memo is to analyze the information presented in the article â€Å"Do I Have a Case for Constructive Discharge?† by John Gallagher and discuss the importance of the article’s content in relation to the problem of constructive discharge and staff turnover at the work place.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Issue of Constructive Discharge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Constructive discharge claims can become real challenges for employers because of accusing them in supporting the hostile work environment and performing illegal actions. From this point, it is important to determine the conditions according to which discharge claims can be discussed as constructive in order to prevent performing illegal actions and the staff turnover. After analyzing the current researches, studie s, and legal norms on the issue, it is necessary to pay attention to the article â€Å"Do I Have a Case for Constructive Discharge?† by John Gallagher in which the author discusses the associated employment law issues. The article was found while examining the Internet resources on the issue related to the problem of constructive discharge claims and hostile workplace environment. Many helpful resources were found in the library LexisNexis, the section of Labor and Employment Law. The article by Gallagher was chosen for the discussion because of providing the definition of the hostile work environment and aspects according to which employees have the right to demand the constructive discharge. In his article, the author provides the legal definition of a hostile work environment with references to the actions and situations which can be discussed as hostile in relation to employees. To define a work environment as hostile, it is necessary to state the episodes of sexual haras sment against employees and occasions of discrimination based on race, age, gender, nationality, and religious views. This definition emphasizes the importance for employers to review the workplace policies to ensure that they are reasonable and legally acceptable in order to avoid the issues of discrimination which can lead to constructive discharge (Gallagher par. 3). Thus, various kinds of discrimination at the workplace are prohibited under the employment laws. Experiencing any type of discrimination, an employee can focus on realizing the constructive discharge.  The situations when employees can be treated unfairly are also connected with the open violation of such laws as the Family and Medical Leave Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act as well as the whistleblower statute (Gallagher par. 4).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Employees’ rights are protected according to these laws. However, different states provide additional statutes to cover other legal issues connected with the problem of employment.  Gallagher concentrates on the fact which is important to be learnt by employers and employees that unfair treatment and immoral treatment leading to constructive discharge includes only above-mentioned points. Thus, many problems in interactions between employees and their bosses and co-workers which can be discussed as immoral cannot lead to constructive discharge because these issues are based on the aspects of communication or cooperation without references to discrimination, racism, or violating the laws. The author states that there should be a substantial claim associated with the hostile work environment or work conditions which prevent employees from working effectively (Gallagher par. 5). It is necessary to accentuate the difference between the intolerable and hostile work environment and interactions between the colleagues (Gallagher par. 8). The problem is in the fact that the laws do not provide the necessary protection for people who can suffer from the intolerable work environment. Employees and managers should know the difference between the definitions of these kinds of behaviours. The information provided in the article is important for employers because the author presents the detailed list of scenarios which can lead to employees quitting jobs discussed as constructive discharge. Thus, much attention is paid to the problem of sexual harassment as an example of a hostile work environment. It is important to note that the roles of aggressors and managers are discussed equally while analyzing the case of sexual harassment. From this point, the task of the employer is to inform employees and managers about the issue of sexual harassment and possible consequences. The next scenario is associated with the case of discrimination. Employees have the right to claim for constructive disc harge, if they experience discrimination according to definite aspects, characteristics, and disabilities. Employees should know the list of aspects which are discussed as violent and discriminating. Gallagher also pays attention to the fact that employees’ claims in relation to discrimination can lead to the managers’ negative reaction. Thus, the problem of an unlawful retaliation claim is also mentioned in the article (Gallagher par. 9). The most problematic category of the laws violations associated with constructive discharge is the violation of the employment laws and acts.Thus, the employer and manager’s mistreatment of an employee based on ignorance of the FMLA or other laws and statutes can lead to the reasonable constructive discharge because creating the working conditions which are inappropriate according to the laws (Gallagher par. 9).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Issue of Constructive Discharge specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Employees should pay attention to the consequences of their claims. If they notice the changes in the employer’s attitude which are closely associated with discrimination or changes in duties, employees have the right for constructive discharge because of employers’ illegal actions and attempts to prevent employees from receiving the benefits guaranteed according to the law. One of the controversial aspects is a whistleblower complaint which is not met peacefully in many organizations, but which is discussed according to the legal norms (Gallagher par. 9). The provided list of scenarios should be carefully examined by employers, managers, and employees in order to predict and prevent the problematic situations and avoid the cases of constructive discharge. The article by John Gallagher is helpful to examine the problem of constructive discharge in detail and develop the effective policy because the author puts empha sis on the fact that the standards for acceptance of constructive discharge claims are high, and they are closely associated with the legal standards required to prove the existence of a hostile work environment. The information provided in the article can be successfully used to inform managers and employees about the necessary requirements for stating the fact of developing the hostile work environment. Moreover, it is important to inform employees that the information about any aspects discussed above as leading to constructive discharge should be shared with management in order to prevent the development of illegal issues. Employers should take into account the information provided in the article because it is based on the current employment laws. Claiming for constructive discharge, employees should realize the conditions according to which their claims can be considered as reasonable because of the complex character of the issue. Gallagher, John. Do I Have a Case for Construc tive Discharge? 10 Oct. 2011. Web.

Problem Solving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Problem Solving - Essay Example Because service quality depends on the kind of police officers, appropriate recruitment and selection is inevitable. This paper explores problems in recruitment of police using different problem solving techniques and suggest possible ways of improving the recruitment process. This technique involves disintegrating main problems into sub-problems. When dealing with complicated problems, individuals usually have the tendency to work swiftly at given points and drag in some. Smaller problems are usually easier to tackle because the underlying solution paths are usually few. This problem-solving technique is particularly useful for popular problems. For instance, in the police force, a problem of inefficiency in service delivery can be broken down into lack of diversity and improper selection and recruitment process, which can then be handled effectively in accordance with set sub-goals. This technique is usually common with individuals working in groups. It involves suggesting a wide pool of possible solutions and integrating the suggested solutions until an optimum alternative is obtained. This strategy involves putting many alternative solutions under test until the most appropriate one is obtained. The problem solver tries different possible solutions until the right solution is found. This strategy emphasizes that the problem solver should progress toward his goal. The main feature of this problem-solving technique is that a course leading to goal state. The strategy is however, frail because the right path usually winds about and far from the goal state prior to eventually returning to it. In making a decision to ensure effective recruitment process in the police with central focus on recruiting from different ethnic backgrounds, the main problem is how many recruits should be taken from different ethnic communities to constitute a perfect diverse police force. Including more recruits from minority communities

Edmunds.com marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Edmunds.com marketing - Essay Example The three books published by Edmunds are Edmunds.com New Cars & Trucks Buyers Guide, Edmunds.com Used Cars & Trucks Buyers Guide and Edmunds.coms Strategies for Smart Car Buyers. It provides automotive information through other media as well. Edmunds operates through its headoffice in Santa Monica, California and is continuing an office outside of Detroit, Michigan. After expanding its business in 1995, Edmunds has been updating and improving its websites regularly. Tips/Advice- In this segment of the site, you are acknowledged about the process of buying. You are guided on how to reach at the best financing deals. It also assists consumers in scheduling and provides other related tips. The Edmunds.com website provides free account service. Cosumers can set up their accounts on their own to get customized online services according to their personal needs. Edmunds’ services help buyers to zero-in the perfect vehicle for them. It gets you linked to a local dealer in realizing a deal. Instead of playing the role of a broker, Edmunds.com provides a listing of the area dealers to its visitors, with a clickable icon to receive a price quote from that very dealer. Unlike other automotive sites, it offers you to choose from the list a dealer of your choice. The services of Edmunds are different and better from its rival companies, as car shoppers can have a view of list prices themselves unlike other websites, where you have to provide your personal address and contact details to receive a response. Edmunds provides both choices. You can opt for the additional option of finding the records of local car dealers yourself. By entering your area zip code and vehicle of your choice, you are provided a list of area dealers, who have the same vehicle, along with a link to that dealers’ website so that you may get a list price and other information. Some of the

The Interpretation of Dreams Essay Example for Free

The Interpretation of Dreams Essay Sigmund Freud was born in 1856 and died in 1939. He was an Austrian psychologist who marked the beginning of a modern psychology by providing the first well-organized explanation of the inner mental forces determining human behaviour. Sigmund Freud is universally considered the father of psychoanalysis and many date the birth of pychoanalystic theory from the 1899 publication of The Interpretation of Dreams ; which sold a minimal number of copies and received a number of copies and received a number of mixed reviews. The book introduces Freud? Theory of the unconscious with respect to dream interpretation and also first discusses what would later become the theory of the â€Å"Oedipus Complex†. Throughout the book, Freyd analyzes his own dreams as examples to prove his new theory of the psychology of dreams. He posits that all dreams represented the fulfillment of a wish on the part of the dreamer and nightmares are expressions of unconscious desires. â€Å"[ ] every dream turns out to be meaningful, psychical formation which can be given an identifiable place in what goes on within our walking life [ † He considered the interpretation of the dream an unexplored science which only Aristotle had investigated about in his book: On dreams and dream interpretation. Freud asserts that, contrary to the reigning scientific opinion, he will prove that is possible to interpret dreams using a scientific method. Freud makes an important distinction between the conscious and the unconscious mind: The conscious mind includes everything that we are aware of. This is the aspect of our mental processing that we can think and talk about rationally. A part of this includes our memory, which is not always part of consciousness but can be retrieved easily at any time and brought into our awareness. The unconscious mind contains our biologically based instincts fot the primitive urges for sex and agression. It con ins all sorts of significant and disturbing material which we need to keep out of awareness because they are too threatening to acknowledge fully. There is another type that is; the subconscious mind which contains thoughts and feelings that a person is not currently aware of, but which can easily be brought to consciousness. It exists just below the level of consciousness before the unconscious mind. This is what we mean in our everyday usage of the world avaliable memory. Freud applied these systems to his structure of the personality, or psyche – the id,ego and superego. Freud also regarded the mind to be like an iceberg, where the greatest part is hidden beneath the water or unconscious.

Girlfight - Overcoming Gender Stereotypes Essay -- Film Movies

Girlfight - Overcoming Gender Stereotypes It goes without saying that a person's gender, racial and social origins influence their participation in sports. Particular races and genders often dominate certain sports. African Americans, for example, tend to dominate football and basketball, while Caucasians tend to dominate ice hockey. The same holds true for gender as well. Football is an entirely male dominated sport, while horseback riding, gymnastics and figure skating are much more female oriented. How and why did these divisions come about? Determining the origin of gender goes beyond the scope of this paper, however one can speculate about how gender classifications and stereotypes affect one's role in the sports arena. The movie "Girl Fight" did an excellent job of depicting how one person dealt with and overcame gender stereotypes. The movie depicts the struggle of a high school girl, Diana Guzman, to overcome gender buriers and become a boxer. Her mother having died when she was young, she lives with her father and younger brother, Tiny. The father forces the son to take boxing lessons because he feels that it is important that Tiny know how to defend himself. However Diana cannot even tell her father that she wants money to take boxing lessons. Her father constantly hassles her about behaving more like a "girl" i.e., wearing skirts and giving more consideration to her appearance. He does not think it at all important that Diana should know how to defend herself as well, even though she obviously lives in the same dangerous neighborhood as her brother. In fact, her father has extremely traditional stereotypes of "male" and "female." He believes that the male should be the defender—strong, powerful, and dominant... ... among the first people to break out of these roles Diana leaves herself open to ridicule. This can be seen in the strained relationships she has with her best friend and others in her high school. Moreover, because Diana defies the gender stereotypes she has a hard time being accepted by both boys and girls—society does not know how to treat her since she does not fit into any of its categories. Diana is an excellent illustration of the many struggles of women to find a place for themselves in sports. On an individual level, defying societal stereotypes is extremely difficult. The buriers that the first person must overcome are often extreme. However once the first person breaks down those buriers, it becomes increasingly easier for others to follow in their footsteps. Diana's struggle demonstrates both how far women have come and how far women still have to go.

Create A Classic Detective Story Essay

In this assignment I will analyse the classic Sherlock Holmes detective story the â€Å"Speckled Band† and find out how sir Conan Doyle takes a basic idea from all detective stories, a murder and still create a classic story.  First off a detective story needs a murder and in this case it was the death of Sarah stoner that starts the story off, but no death in any detective story would be complete without a mysterious death and the way Sarah died was a mystery. And I think that most detective stories use mysterious deaths because this makes the story more interesting and more intriguing because if the death was straight forward then the reader might be able to predict the ending of the story before actually reading the end of the story. This story also has its fair shares of mysterious characters for instance Helen Stoner, who is Sarah stoners sister is as mysterious as they get, like when she first met Sherlock she was wearing black clothes like she just came from a funeral. But why use mysterious characters? Because it is these characters that keep the reader guessing as to who the suspects may be and sometimes the writer can use this as an advantage to create a huge twist in the end of the story. The story describes the atmosphere as well such in the case of Sarah’s death the atmosphere was described as dark, mysterious sounds etc and this is very important to use descriptions of certain atmospheres and locations because they will help the reader create a sort of picture of the scene in their heads therefore making them want to read more because it helps them get more involved with the story – and also makes them think about what’s going to happen next. The location of the story is also important and in this story most of the tension is created in the mansion of Helen stoner, which is owned by Dr Roylott. And in this mansion are a number of false clues such as in the room of Sarah stoner there’s an emergency bell that don’t work, her bed bolted to the ground, no windows and a ventilator that goes straight in to Dr Roylotts room. But the biggest false clue to me was the title itself the â€Å"Speckled Band† and it was pure genius for Conan Doyle to use a title like this because some people read the story purely out of curiosity to find out what the speckled band was. So by using mysterious deaths, mysterious characters, atmospheres, locations & false clues the writer is able to draw the reader in the story, use tension to create questions in the mind of the reader but it also helps the writer stay 5 steps ahead to create a classic detective story.

David Fletcher Case Study

Case Study: David Fletcher 1. What are David’s greatest strengths as a team leader? Greatest developmental needs? How did these strengths and weaknesses affect David’s ability to build a successful team the first time around? Points for Class Discussion: Greatest Strengths: * David is focused on the objective of the team and he is well aware of the function of the team once assembled. * David is also good in building mutual connection with his team members as exemplified by his â€Å"student-teacher† relationship with Stephanie. Developmental Needs: * David lacks people skills; He should be more critical in identifying and analyzing interpersonal problems within his organization and address these problems promptly. He should realize that collaboration of his team is as important as their individual contribution, if not more. Effects to Team Building: Having a clear objective of what the team is supposed to be doing will help a lot in achieving its goal. This was evident when the team was smoothly running the first couple of months. However, as the team was not built on solid foundation and members are not really compatible working with each other, cracks eventually formed that lead to the downfall of the group. 2. What type of team was David trying to assemble? What type of team do you think would be most appropriate for this specific business environment? David Fletcher was originally trying to build a research team composing of analysts who are experts in certain industries. His preference of having experts for team members came from the need to analyze and sift through huge amount of research data that can assist him in coming up with sound investment decisions. His decision of building a research team to handle the details of his day to day operations would be the most appropriate strategy given his specific business environment. 3. Discuss what you think the biggest problems/obstacles faced by David in the transition to teams. Considering that David’s strengths rely on his ability to focus on what is in front of him and make sense out of the chaos of information that floods his day to day operation, one of his biggest obstacle is his lacks of skill in observing how his team members interact with each other which highlights his ineffectiveness in people management. Additionally, the lack of structure in the way they organized their team is not really helpful in the overall cohesion and synergy of the group although they claim to have only one goal which is to make money for their investors and improve their portfolio. This brings in another obstacle for David as his initial intention for a team loosely rely on the strength of each individual members instead of capitalizing on a harmonious relationship of the group. 4. Assess David’s second attempt to build a team. As David’s original team falls apart, his effort of building another team has the potential to follow the same route and fall into similar obstacles that lead to the downfall of the original team if he doesn’t analyze deeper the circumstances and factors that lead to the failure. Although the potential team members are promising, there is no guarantee of a cohesive team not unless David invests more on his people to build a harmonious relationship between his subordinates. On the other hand, his initiative to persevere even if challenged with the task of starting all over again to rebuild the team is commendable. 5. What advice would you give to Mary Robinson? Points for discussion: Joining a group involves a lot of risks especially if it is a small, closely-knit team since the interactivity between members is relatively high. Although Mary’s initial impression is positive, there is no guarantee that she can effectively work with the members in the long run. Furthermore, focusing on her area of expertise alone does not guarantee her success since David’s team is involved in various industries which may require her to work with other experts of her team. On the other hand, being in a focused and driven team will greatly improve her skills in portfolio management. If she possesses adequate people skills to blend and work with her team members without any complications then joining David’s team may prove to be a great career move for her.

Sports clubs in the UK Essays

Sports clubs in the UK Essays Sports clubs in the UK Essay Sports clubs in the UK Essay Voluntary sports clubs have a big impact on the local community. There are about 150,000 voluntary sports clubs in the UK, 46% of which have been in existence for 30+ years. Between 12.5-14% of the population are members of a voluntary sports club. Voluntary sports clubs like Croygas make a substantial contribution to the community by providing the opportunities for social interaction both for volunteers and participants. They allow people in the local area to get together and socialize with each other which can have a successful impact on the community because people can make new friends and go out and enjoy themselves. This creates a friendly atmosphere within the voluntary clubs which is important because it will attract more people to come and play sports at the club. Croygas Sports Club has a massive impact on the community in that they believe in having the correct ethics and values that will allow everyone from all age, sex, and race to join the club. Voluntary sports clubs encourage members to show respect for each other, fair play, equal opportunity and they encourage members to enjoy themselves. This will have a positive impact on the community because people will be more encouraged to come and join these clubs that have equal opportunity for everyone. This could have a successful impact on the children that get bullied because of their race, religion etc. Croygas will give them the same opportunity as anyone else because they believe that it is important to give everyone equal opportunity to enjoy playing the sport that they love. Croygas is a very successful club and it has a very high reputation for the level of football that is played. There are around about 40-50 adult members at the club, all of which play for the football and cricket teams at the club. Of these adult, a large majority of them use the bar area after matches to have a drink and socialise with other team members of the squads, and some of the squads arrange meals after the matches where they invite the players and their wives to come and dine with each other. More than half of these players have good access to the facility because they all live in the local area. Therefore they can get to the facility easily and they can use the facility as often as possible. Also because of the clubs friendly environment, they will come more often than not to meet new people and socialise. The club benefit financially from the amount of people using the bar. They will take in a lot of money from the public using the bar especially on match days when the bar area will be more packed out with players and their families. Also the amount of money that they receive from sponsorship and membership fees all adds up. This money believe it or not is of great benefit to the community, because with this money the club can refurbish parts of the club and improve the clubs grounds, changing rooms etc. The community will benefit from using a highly developed club and they will enjoy a club that is better decorated and looked after. Croygas is a very successful club, the football teams are doing very well in the top leagues at all age groups. And due to this success, parents have recognised this and feel that they should send their child to this club and therefore the Croygas now has a big youth setup. The improvement in the grounds and equipment and qualified coaches has been beneficial to the club, because it has seen an increase in the amount of players in the youth teams wanting to develop at the club. There are around 80-90 junior players currently playing football, cricket and badminton at this club. Thats about 160 parents that will some time visit the club and socialise. The fact that the parents come to the club and take their children is beneficial because it gives the parents an opportunity to meet the other parents of the squad. Also the children will develop new friends also and they too can learn to socialise as well as playing football. P2- Identify the funding, procedures and systems that are successfully used in voluntary sector sports clubs.  Voluntary sports clubs are funded in a number of ways. They receive annual subscription fees from players from the teams which help massively with the teams buying the equipment that they need. When I was a member at the club, because the pitches at Croygas arent not a good standard we had to hire pitches else where. Also we had to rent out the training facilities, pitches, buy corner flags and linesmen flags, and goal nets, kit and tracksuits. Match fees- People that play in the team matches have to pay a match fees, this is usually à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 depending on the importance of the match or the club. The club will make a lot of money through this because they might have a lot of teams in the club like cricket teams, football teams etc and these teams are usually about a 15 man squad.  Grants from governing body such as F.A. will give money to these voluntary sports clubs in order to help the clubs with the funding. Because the government believes in giving opportunity to these clubs, they want to help them create the right conditions for people to use and enjoy using the clubs so the government is giving there full trust to these clubs to use the money wisely. The clubs will get sponsorship deals and the sponsorship companies in return will get advertisement from these clubs. Also lottery funding will help a club with major projects such as flood lighting on pitches, refurbish changing rooms etc. Also clubs set up fund raising events to help the club to raise money e.g. race nights, dinner dance, BBQs, quiz nights, fete, and club days such as 5-a-side football tournaments. These are to help out for projects that the club wants to do.  The government gives money to these voluntary sports clubs e.g. loans, grants. A club might decide to take out a loan from the government in order to cover for the costs of running the club, buying all the equipment, keeping the place neat and tidy etc. the club however will have to pay the government back and they can do this by paying it monthly or annually.

The Battle of Fort Donelson During the Civil War

The Battle of Fort Donelson During the Civil War The Battle of Fort Donelson was an early battle in the American Civil War (1861-1865). Grants operations against Fort Donelson lasted from February 11-16, 1862. Pushing south into Tennessee with assistance from Flag Officer Andrew Footes gunboats, Union troops under Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant captured Fort Henry on February 6, 1862. This success opened the Tennessee River to Union shipping. Before moving upstream, Grant began shifting his command east to take Fort Donelson on the Cumberland River. The capture of the fort would be a key victory for the Union and would clear the way to Nashville. The day after the loss of Fort Henry, the Confederate commander in the West, General Albert Sidney Johnston, called a council of war to determine their next step. Strung out along a wide front in Kentucky and Tennessee, Johnston was confronted by Grants 25,000 men at Fort Henry and Major General Don Carlos Buells 45,000-man army at Louisville, KY. Realizing that his position in Kentucky was compromised, he began withdrawing to positions south of the Cumberland River. After discussions with General P.G.T. Beauregard, he reluctantly agreed that Fort Donelson should be reinforced and dispatched 12,000 men to the garrison. At the fort, the command was held by Brigadier General John B. Floyd. Formerly the US Secretary of War, Floyd was wanted in the North for graft. Union Commanders Brigadier General Ulysses S. GrantFlag Officer Andrew H. Foote24,541 men Confederate Commanders Brigadier General John B. FloydBrigadier General Gideon PillowBrigadier General Simon B. Buckner16,171 men The Next Moves At Fort Henry, Grant held a council of war (his last of the Civil War) and resolved to attack Fort Donelson. Traveling over twelve miles of frozen roads, the Union troops moved out on February 12 but were delayed by a Confederate cavalry screen led by Colonel Nathan Bedford Forrest. As Grant marched overland, Foote shifted his four ironclads and three timberclads to Cumberland River. Arriving off Fort Donelson, USS Carondelet approached and tested the forts defenses while Grants troops moved into positions outside the fort. The Noose Tightens The next day, several small probing attacks were launched to determine the strength of the Confederate works. That night, Floyd met with his senior commanders, Brigadier-Generals Gideon Pillow and Simon B. Buckner, to discuss their options. Believing the fort was untenable, they decided that Pillow should lead a breakout attempt the next day and began shifting troops. During this process, one of Pillows aides was killed by a Union sharpshooter. Losing his nerve, Pillow postponed the attack. Irate at Pillows decision, Floyd ordered the attack to commence, however it was too late in the day to begin. While these events were occurring inside the fort, Grant was receiving reinforcement in his lines. With the arrival of troops led by Brigadier General Lew Wallace, Grant placed the division of Brigadier General John McClernand on the right, Brigadier General C.F. Smith on the left, and the new arrivals in the center. Around 3:00 PM, Foote approached the fort with his fleet and opened fire. His attack was met with fierce resistance from Donelsons gunners and Footes gunboats were forced to withdraw with heavy damage. The Confederates Attempt a Breakout The following morning, Grant departed before dawn to meet with Foote. Prior to leaving, he instructed his commanders not to initiate a general engagement but failed to designate a second-in-command. In the fort, Floyd had rescheduled the breakout attempt for that morning. Attacking McClernands men on the Union right, Floyds plan called for Pillows men to open a gap while Buckners division protected their rear. Surging out of their lines, the Confederate troops succeeded in driving back McClernands men and turning their right flank. While not routed, McClernands situation was desperate as his men were running low on ammunition. Finally reinforced by a brigade from Wallaces division, the Union right began to stabilize however confusion reigned as no one Union leader was in command on the field. By 12:30 the Confederate advance was stopped by a strong Union position astride Wynns Ferry Road. Unable to breakthrough, the Confederates withdrew back to a low ridge as they prepared to abandon the fort. Learning of the fighting, Grant raced back to Fort Donelson and arrived around 1:00 PM. Grant Strikes Back Realizing that the Confederates were attempting to escape rather than seeking a battlefield victory, he immediately prepared to launch a counterattack. Though their escape route was open, Pillow ordered his men back to their trenches to re-supply before departing. As this was happening, Floyd lost his nerve and believing that Smith was about to attack the Union left, ordered his entire command back into the fort. Taking advantage of the Confederate indecisiveness, Grant ordered Smith to attack the left, while Wallace moved forward on the right. Storming forward, Smiths men succeeded in gaining a foothold in the Confederate lines while Wallace reclaimed much of the ground lost in the morning. Fighting ended at nightfall and Grant planned to resume the attack in the morning. That night, believing the situation hopeless, Floyd and Pillow turned command over to Buckner and departed the fort by water. They were followed by Forrest and 700 of his men who waded through the shallows to avoid Union troops. On the morning of February 16, Buckner sent Grant a note requesting terms of surrender. Friends before the war, Buckner was hoping to receive generous terms. Grant famously replied: Sir: Yours of this date proposing Armistice, and appointment of Commissioners, to settle terms of Capitulation is just received. No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. I propose to move immediately upon your works. This curt response earned Grant the nickname Unconditional Surrender Grant. Though displeased by his friends response, Buckner had no choice but to comply. Later that day, he surrendered the fort and its garrison became the first of three Confederate armies to be captured by Grant during the course of the war. The Aftermath The Battle of Fort Donelson cost Grant 507 killed, 1,976 wounded, and 208 captured/missing. Confederate losses were much higher due to the surrender and numbered 327 killed, 1,127 wounded, and 12,392 captured. The twin victories at Forts Henry Donelson were the first major Union successes of the war and opened Tennessee to Union invasion. In the battle, Grant had captured nearly one-third of Johnstons available forces (more men than all previous US generals combined) and was rewarded with a promotion to major general.

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Case study - Assignment Example However, profit and loss account does not provide information about future. (1.b) Profit and Loss Account Review: When looking at the profit and loss account of the Modern Furniture of both years, there are some items that are worth considering for decision making. The gross profit has declined by 10.75% from 2011. The major reason is the increase in the inventory cost. The other important thing to notice is that, there is a sharp decline of 5.8% in the net profit from last year which clearly indicates that there are no effective controls over the cost. Specially, salaries, maintenance and cleaning costs have increased to a significant amount. In addition to the facts mentioned above the Modern Furniture has also paid a bank interest of ?5200 due to the bank overdraft facility availed by the business in 2012; whereas, there was no such facility in the previous year. Marketing cost has also increased to ?51,500 from ?45,000 which is normal in a growing business like Modern Furniture. (2.a) Purpose of Balance Sheet: As the profit and loss account shows the results of revenue and expenses for the whole year, the balance sheet reflects the financial position of the entity on a particular point of time including the details of total assets, liabilities and owner’s equity. ... It is a picture that shows the strength and weaknesses of the business. (2.b) Balance Sheet Review: There are many observations in the balance sheet. The liquidity position has deteriorated since last year. There is no cash balance available at the end of year 2012. Investment in the non-liquid assets such as inventory and prepayments has increased together with the investment in receivables since last year. In addition to this Modern Furniture has also availed the bank overdraft facility so, there are major problems regarding liquidity. The business is holding more inventory than the previous year due to the growth in the business. Higher inventory levels will counter the threat of stock out at the price of higher inventory cost. The business has also made heavy investment of ?70,550 in fixed assets keeping in view the future expected demand. The overall position of the business is reasonable except the liquidity issue which requires prompt action from the owner. To overcome the cur rent situation the business should make investment in the liquid assets such as cash and securities otherwise it will be difficult to pay the liabilities in due time. (3 a) Purpose of Cash Flow Statement: Cash flow is also one of the most important parts of the financial statements which reflect all the receipts and payments made by the company during the financial year. The purpose of preparing the cash flow statement is to ascertain whether there are sufficient cash flows available to finance the operations. Cash act as a blood to run any organization. If the business is unable to produce sufficient cash, there will be going concern threat due to severe liquidity problems. The most important of all three activities in the cash flow statement is the

Report-Analyse Case Suty McDonalds Corp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Report-Analyse Case Suty McDonalds Corp - Essay Example Proper segmentation, product targeting and positioning are important. McDonalds also needs to be selective in their franchisee selection as it should not disturb the existing franchisees in the region. Customer-oriented approach is essential in the fast food industry. Mass marketing techniques and standardization are no more applicable. Local adaptation is now essential to fight competition. All these indicate that McDonalds need to redefine their marketing strategy. McDonalds, that had once changed the way a nation ate and provided jobs to millions, is now reeling under difficult times. They lag behind in service and quality and despite bringing about changes in their food offers they have met with little success. The main issue is the unpopularity that has developed towards the McDonalds burgers. This has given rise to franchisee relations, downward sales and profits which ultimately are leading to closure of many units across countries. Product diversification without focus, lack of strategic direction and marketing strategies along with the top-down manner in which they dictate the franchisees is responsible for the stunted growth of the company. Attempts to create price war have yielded negative results. The profit margins of the franchisees have reduced between 2-4% against the 15% they enjoyed earlier. The retired CEO has been brought back along with two experienced executives to assist him but there are no signs of recovery. About 30-40% fewer outlets are being added to the chain each year while many close down every month. McDonalds need to realize that their marketing and franchising strategies have to be altered to suit the changed market environment and the ever-changing consumer needs. Kara, Kaynak and Kucukemiroglu (1997) contend that fast-food marketing strategies should have a sound understanding of consumers’ perceptions of and preferences for fast-food outlets and how they differ across cultures/countries. It was assumed in